MassIVE MSV000098933

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Proteomics Dataset accompanying Microgravity-Induced Constraints on Melanin Bioproduction: Investigating E. coli Metabolic Responses Aboard the International Space Station (ISS)

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Description

Space biomanufacturing using engineered microbes provides a promising approach for sustainable production of biomaterials, pharmaceuticals, and essential metabolites during long-duration space missions. However, microgravity-induced physiological changes have been reported to alter microbial metabolism, substrate transport, and biosynthetic efficiency. In this study, we investigated the effects of microgravity on melanin biosynthesis in non-motile Escherichia coli aboard the International Space Station (ISS). Melanin was chosen as a model biomanufacturing product due to its visible pigmentation, allowing straightforward assessment of production efficiency. Despite expressing a functional tyrosinase enzyme, ISS-grown E. coli exhibited significantly lower melanin production than ground controls. To uncover the underlying mechanisms, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) analysis confirmed a high extracellular tyrosine concentration in ISS samples, suggesting that substrate was not effectively catalyzed for melanin biosynthesis. Culturing the same strains under Low Shear Modeled Microgravity (LSMMG) conditions in the Rotating Wall Vessel (RWV) bioreactor validated key spaceflight effects, showing reduced melanin production and bacterial viability under low fluid shear conditions. Proteomic profiling of ISS cultures and ground controls identified increased expression of membrane and transport proteins, as well as stress-related proteins involved in oxidative and osmotic stress adaptation. Metabolomic analysis supported these findings, showing an increase in trehalose, a stress response molecule, and a significant decrease in glutathione, indicating perturbed redox homeostasis under microgravity. These findings demonstrate that the microgravity environment of spaceflight affects microbial substrate transport, stress response pathways and cellular metabolism, ultimately impacting biosynthetic efficiency. Understanding these spaceflight-induced metabolic shifts is crucial for optimizing microbial biomanufacturing strategies in extraterrestrial environments.

This complete submission is for the proteomics dataset that is described in the following submitted publication: Hennessa TM, VanArsdale ES, Leary D, Yang J, Davis R, Barrila J, Schultzhaus ZJ, Romsdahl J, Smith AD, Scholes AN, Hervey WJ 4th, Compton JR, Katilie CH, Nickerson CA, Wang Z. Microgravity-Induced Constraints on Melanin Bioproduction: Investigating E. coli Metabolic Responses Aboard the International Space Station. submitted to NPG Microgravity 20 AUG 2025, ACCEPTED 07 JAN 2026.

[doi:10.25345/C56H4D368] [dataset license: CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0)]

Keywords: Space Biomanufacturing ; Proteomics ; E. coli ; Melanin Biosynthesis ; International Space Station (ISS) ; DatasetType:Proteomics

Contact

Principal Investigators:
(in alphabetical order) 		J Hervey, NRL, USA
Z Wang, NRL, USA
Submitting User: jhervey4

Publications

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Hennessa TM, VanArsdale ES, Leary D, Yang J, Davis R, Barrila J, Schultzhaus ZJ, Romsdahl J, Smith AD, Scholes AN, Hervey WJ 4th, Compton JR, Katilie CH, Nickerson CA, Wang Z.
Microgravity-Induced Constraints on Melanin Bioproduction: Investigating E. coli Metabolic Responses Aboard the International Space Station.
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