MassIVE MSV000087897

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O-linked Glycosylation of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike is Suppressed by Quaternary Structural Restraints

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Description

Understanding the glycosylation of envelope spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 is important in defining the antigenic surface of this key viral target. However, the underlying protein architecture may significantly influence glycan occupancy and processing. There is, therefore, potential for different recombinant fragments of S protein to display divergent glycosylation. Here, we show that the receptor binding domain (RBD), when expressed as a monomer, exhibits O-linked glycosylation which is not recapitulated in the native-like soluble trimeric protein. We unambiguously assign O-linked glycosylation by homogenizing N-linked glycosylation using the enzymatic inhibitor, kifunensine, and then analyzing the resulting structures by electron transfer higher-energy collision dissociation (EThcD) in an Orbitrap Eclipse Tribrid instrument. In the native-like trimer, we observe a single unambiguous O-linked glycan at T323 which displays very low occupancy. In contrast, several sites of O-linked glycosylation can be identified when RBD is expressed as a monomer, with T323 being almost completely occupied. We ascribe this effect to the relaxation of steric restraints arising from quaternary protein architecture. Our analytical approach has also highlighted that fragmentation ions arising from trace levels of truncated N-linked glycans can be misassigned as proximal putative O-linked structures, particularly where a paucity of diagnostic fragments were obtained. Overall, we and show that in matched expression systems quaternary protein architecture limits O-linked glycosylation of the spike protein. [doi:10.25345/C5425B] [dataset license: CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0)]

Keywords: o-glycans, sars-cov-2, kifunensine

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Principal Investigators:
(in alphabetical order) 		Max Crispin, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
Submitting User: c_eldrid
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