Specialized metabolites provide important layers of biochemical immunity underlaying crop resistance; however, challenges in resolving pathways limit applications. To understand maize (Zea mays) antibiotics imparting disease resistance we integrated large-scale transcriptomic patterns, association mapping, enzyme assays, proteomics, structure elucidation and targeted mutagenesis. Three zealexin (Zx) gene clusters (GC) comprised of 4 sesquiterpene synthases (GC1:Zx1-4) and 6 cytochrome P450s in the Cyp71Z (GC2:Zx5-7) and Cyp81E (GC3:Zx8-10) families drive the production diverse antibiotic cocktails. Gene duplications ensure pathway resiliency to single null mutations while promiscuous enzymes constitute a biosynthetic hourglass pathway acting on diverse endogenous substrates to drive additional antibiotic complexity. Zx pathway activation mediating pathogen resistance occurs during a dramatic reorganization of >50% of the measurable proteome. Understanding the genetic basis of specialized metabolic pathways structured to maintain disease resistance provides a conceptual foundation for transferring durable biochemical immunity between plants.
[doi:10.25345/C5ND42]
[dataset license: CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0)]
Keywords: maize (Zea mays) disease resistance ; zealexin ; metabolic pathways
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Alisa Huffaker, University of California at San Diego, United States |
| Submitting User: | zhouxinshen |
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